Complete Urine Examination (CUE)

The Complete Urine Examination (CUE), also called routine urine analysis, is a laboratory test that evaluates the physical appearance, chemical composition, and microscopic contents of urine.

It helps healthcare professionals investigate urinary tract infections, kidney disorders, and other conditions that may affect the urinary system.

What Does the CUE Test Include?

1. Physical Examination

• Colour
• Appearance and clarity
• Specific gravity, where included in the laboratory protocol

2. Chemical Examination

• pH
• Protein (albumin)
• Glucose
• Ketones
• Bilirubin
• Urobilinogen
• Blood
• Nitrite and leukocyte esterase, where included in the test method

3. Microscopic Examination

• Red blood cells (RBCs)
• Pus cells / white blood cells (WBCs)
• Epithelial cells
• Casts
• Crystals
• Bacteria, yeast, or other findings when observed

Why Is a Complete Urine Examination Recommended?

Your healthcare professional may recommend this test to help:

• Investigate burning or pain during urination
• Evaluate possible urinary tract infections
• Assess blood or protein in urine
• Investigate possible kidney or urinary tract abnormalities
• Support routine health assessments

Sample Requirements

• Sample type: Urine, preferably a clean-catch midstream sample.
• Fasting: Not required for a routine CUE.
• Preparation: Use a clean, appropriate container and deliver the sample promptly according to laboratory instructions. Avoid contamination during collection.

Understanding Your Results

Abnormal urine findings may be associated with infection, dehydration, kidney conditions, metabolic disorders, or contamination during collection. Results should be interpreted alongside symptoms and other clinical findings.

A routine urine examination alone cannot always confirm a urinary tract infection. Urine culture may be needed when clinically indicated.

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